When people think about military equipment, they often focus on power, size, or destruction. However, Korean military engineering showcases systems designed to move precisely, survive extreme conditions, manage energy efficiently, and protect human lives. As a student who dreams of becoming a mechanical engineer, I see something different in these innovative designs. I am a high school sophomore in Korea, and engineering shapes the way I understand the world. I pay attention to how machines withstand pressure, how forces act on structures, and how technology brings together physics, materials, and control systems into one working whole. While war itself is tragic, the machines created to deter it often represent the highest level of modern engineering. These systems exist not only because of political decisions, but because engineers solved complex problems involving airflow, water resistance, energy conversion, and material strength. In this article, I introduce three advanced systems of the Republic of Korea Armed Forces that you may serve alongside: one in the sky, one beneath the sea, and one designed for impact. I focus on these systems from an engineering perspective, not a political one, and explain what makes them meaningful through the eyes of a future mechanical engineer. The Sky: KF-21 Boramae Engineering Focus: Aerodynamics, Radar, and Control Systems The KF-21 Boramae is not just a fighter jet. It is a highly integrated engineering system that combines aircraft shape, engine performance, and advanced sensors. AESA Radar: Electronic Precision Without Motion Unlike traditional radars that rotate mechanically, the Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) radar uses thousands of small electronic modules. These modules steer radar beams electronically, allowing the aircraft to detect and track multiple targets at once without mechanical delay. This improves reliability and reaction speed. Twin Engines and Fail-Safe Design From a mechanical engineering perspective, the twin F414-GE-400K engines provide both higher thrust and redundancy. If one engine fails, flight control systems can adjust the aircraft’s balance so it can still return safely. Fly-by-Wire and Stability Control The KF-21 uses a design choice called relaxed static stability. This reduces air resistance and improves maneuverability, but it requires constant computer correction. Fly-by-wire systems handle this task, showing how modern aircraft depend on both mechanical design and real-time software control. The Sea: KSS-III (Dosan Ahn Chang-ho Class) Engineering Focus: Hydrodynamics, Pressure Resistance, and Energy Systems Submarines operate in one of the harshest environments on Earth. The KSS-III, a 3,000-ton diesel-electric submarine, is engineered to survive deep-water pressure while remaining difficult to detect. Vertical Launch System: Structural Engineering Under Pressure The KSS-III is the first conventional submarine equipped with a Vertical Launch System. Each launch tube must withstand intense water pressure while safely pushing a missile upward. This requires careful stress distribution, strong materials, and precise fluid-dynamics design. Air-Independent Propulsion: Silent Energy Conversion Using hydrogen fuel cells, the submarine can generate electricity without taking in outside air. This Air-Independent Propulsion system allows the submarine to remain underwater for weeks while keeping noise levels low. From an engineering perspective, it is an efficient way to convert chemical energy into electrical power. Hull Design and Acoustic Engineering The submarine’s hull must balance strength and stealth. Thicker hulls improve survival under pressure but can increase drag and noise. Engineers constantly manage this trade-off to maintain performance and safety. The Impact: Hyunmoo-V Missile Engineering Focus: Kinetic Energy, Materials Science, and Structural Integrity In physics, we learn that force equals mass times acceleration (F = ma). The Hyunmoo-V missile demonstrates an extreme real-world application of this principle. With a warhead weighing approximately 8–9 tons, its impact power relies more on speed than on explosive force. Penetration Through Speed At hypersonic speed, kinetic energy increases with the square of velocity. This means speed contributes more to impact strength than mass alone. When a hardened penetrator strikes the ground at such velocity, the resulting force can reach deeply buried targets. Re-entry and Materials Engineering To survive atmospheric re-entry and impact, the missile uses heat-resistant and high-strength materials. These materials must endure extreme heat and mechanical stress while maintaining their shape and strength. Conclusion: Engineering as a Tool for Peace Studying these systems helped me realize that engineering is not only about equations or blueprints. It is also about responsibility. The KF-21, KSS-III, and Hyunmoo-V exist not to start war, but to help prevent it by making conflict irrational. As I continue my studies toward becoming a mechanical engineer, I hope to contribute to technologies that protect lives and support cooperation between nations. Thank you for your service. About the “Shared Voices” Initiative South of Seoul volunteers collaborate with Korean public schools to provide students meaningful opportunities to expand their English communication experience while sharing their world views with the international community in Korea. Through guided projects, students in Korean classrooms use digital and creative tools to express themselves in English, building confidence in their communication skills. At the same time, they learn to approach writing with empathy. They participate in guided discussions that consider different perspectives, practicing cultural awareness, and developing a deeper understanding of how their words can connect communities across borders. It’s important to know that schools in South Korea are becoming increasingly diverse, this includes the students who participate in South of Seoul programs like “Shared Voices.”

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When people think of Korean snacks and drinks, many imagine Buldakbokkeum Myeon (Fire Chicken Noodles) or banana milk. These modern snacks are definitely popular and delicious. However, Korea also has many traditional snacks and drinks that people have enjoyed for a long time. If you haven’t tried Korea’s traditional snacks yet, I would like to introduce you to some. These foods are enjoyable not only to taste, but also to look at. Let’s explore what kinds of traditional snacks and drinks are available today and where you can try them. Traditional Korean Snacks First, let’s take a look at some traditional Korean snacks. I will introduce three types: yakgwa, yugwa, and dasik. Yakgwa Yakgwa is a traditional Korean snack made by mixing flour dough with sesame oil, honey, thought juice, and rice wine. The dough is fried in oil and then soaked in syrup or honey. Because honey is one of the main ingredients, yakgwa has a rich and pleasant sweetness. The origins of yakgwa date back to the 1700s, and it was commonly made for Buddhist rituals and temples during the Goryeo Dynasty. During the Joseon Dynasty, yakgwa was shaped using lotus or wooden molds, and over time it became round and wavy, which is the shape we often see today. Recently, yakgwa has become popular again as a dessert in vintage cafés and as a gift, especially among younger generations. You can buy yakgwa at large supermarkets or traditional Korean markets. You can also enjoy yakgwa with a drink at Saridang in Pyeongtaek. Yugwa Yugwa is a traditional snack made from glutinous rice dough that is dried and fried. It is coated with grain syrup or honey and often topped with sesame seeds or puffed rice. Yugwa is crispy on the outside, but melts gently in the mouth like snow, blending softly with the chewy sweetness of the syrup. Yugwa was traditionally prepared for important occasions such as Lunar New Year, Chuseok, weddings, and rituals. In Daegu, yugwa has become part of the local culture, with craftsmen making traditional yugwa for more than 100 years. Today, you can easily buy yugwa online, such as from 꽃담과즐, or find it at traditional markets across Korea. Dasik Dasik is a traditional Korean cookie made by kneading finely ground grains, beans, sesame seeds, or medicinal herbs with honey or grain syrup. The mixture is then pressed into decorative molds. During the Joseon Dynasty, dasik was served to guests or used for special occasions in royal courts and noble families. It later became a symbol of Korean tea and refreshment culture. Dasik is usually served with tea and is commonly enjoyed during holidays or when welcoming guests. When you take a bite, the soft or slightly chewy texture spreads gently, and the subtle flavors of grains, nuts, or herbs can be felt differently depending on the ingredients. The colorful patterns make dasik visually appealing, and its mild sweetness creates a calm and comfortable feeling. You can buy dasik at 다전1973 / 다전차문화교육원 in Suwon, Gyeonggi Province. If you make a reservation, you can also experience making dasik yourself. Traditional Korean Drinks Next, I’d like to recommend two of my favorite traditional Korean drinks: sikhye and sujeonggwa. Sikhye Sikhye is one of Korea’s most representative traditional drinks and has a long history. It is known to have existed since the Goryeo Dynasty and was especially enjoyed in the royal court during the Joseon Dynasty. Sikhye is made by fermenting barley and glutinous rice, creating a naturally sweet flavor. Often called “rice punch,” it has traditionally been served during holidays and feasts. Sikhye is refreshing and sweet, and many people enjoy it as a drink that helps boost appetite, especially in the summer. Today, sikhye is easy to find. You can buy it at convenience stores or supermarkets, with Birak Sikhye being one of the most popular canned versions. Sikhye is also available at traditional markets and online. Sujeonggwa Sujeonggwa is a traditional Korean drink made by simmering cinnamon and ginger to extract their flavor, then sweetening the liquid with sugar or honey. Once cooled, it is usually served with dried persimmons or pine nuts floating on top. Sujeonggwa first appeared in a Joseon-era record from 1765 called Sujak Uigwe, where it was described as a special drink served at the royal court or during major holidays. Traditionally, people enjoyed sujeonggwa in late autumn, winter, and early spring, especially around Lunar New Year. Many people drink it after meals because it is believed to help with digestion. Its taste is sweet and fragrant, with the warm scent of cinnamon balanced by the spicy kick of ginger. Conclusion Traditional Korean snacks and drinks offer a delicious way to experience Korean culture. They are enjoyable, easy to try, and widely available. For foreigners living in Korea, these foods provide a simple and approachable introduction to Korean cuisine. By tasting these traditional snacks and drinks, you can gain a deeper appreciation for Korea’s food culture and history. About the “Shared Voices” Initiative South of Seoul volunteers collaborate with Korean public schools to provide students meaningful opportunities to expand their English communication experience while sharing their world views with the international community in Korea. Through guided projects, students in Korean classrooms use digital and creative tools to express themselves in English, building confidence in their communication skills. At the same time, they learn to approach writing with empathy. They participate in guided discussions that consider different perspectives, practicing cultural awareness, and developing a deeper understanding of how their words can connect communities across borders. It’s important to know that schools in South Korea are becoming increasingly diverse, this includes the students who participate in South of Seoul programs like “Shared Voices.”

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To make kimchi, you must understand the importance of using the correct containers for fermentation. You want to make an educated choice when fermenting foods or storing fermented foods for long periods of time. With a little knowledge, you can ferment your foods safely in Korea (or around the world). Let’s get into it. Lens on the Information Keep in mind, this information is written for international residents living in South Korea. In South Korea, many residents receive Kimchi as gifts or begin making their own at home. This blog addresses common concerns and questions in the international community regarding keeping kimchi at home. Fermentation, Botulism, and the Safety of Kimchi When fermenting food, you need to understand botulism: Because of that, any preserved or fermented food must be stored in conditions that inhibit C. botulinum growth. That means you need either a strongly acidic solution or one that is salty, refrigerated, or in containers that don’t create an oxygen-free sealed environment. Fears of Botulism from Home Cultures Sometimes, new residents in Korea come from other communities that have experienced botulism, and they may feel afraid of kimchi. For example, some of our volunteers lived in Alaska in the 1970s and 1980s. During that time, some people switched from storing their fermented foods the traditional way to using plastic or glass containers, or sealed sacks/bags to store food indoors or above ground. This resulted in many deaths across the state. So they wanted to understand kimchi storage more deeply than others might. The Complexity of Tradition and Evolving Cultures The experience of some communities in Alaska provides a real-world illustration of the risk when traditional practices experience a culture shift. With Korea’s growing international population, we want to make sure our community understands the importance of understanding the preservation of fermented foods. We do not want to see food-borne illness issues occur for international residents living in South Korea due to a lack of information. Each year, we receive more and more questions about choosing containers for fermenting kimchi. So, now that we’ve set the scene for the importance of understanding the intersection of traditional culture, plastics, and botulism, let’s explore fermenting food in South Korea and the containers used here. Keeping all this in mind, if you follow the process for kimchi correctly, your risk for botulism is VERY low. In fact, it’s nearly unheard of to get botulism from Kimchi in Korea. Let’s talk about why this is. Why Botulism in Kimchi is Highly Unlikely but Not Impossible Traditional vegetable fermentations rely on lactic-acid bacteria (LAB) that lower the pH quickly (often below pH 4.6), creating an environment that’s hostile to C. botulinum toxin production. That means properly made, salted, and fermented kimchi is generally safe from botulism. Don’t skimp on the salt and store your fermented foods correctly, and you will be just fine. Let’s start with traditionally fermenting food storage and then we will talk about modern options. Koreans Traditionally Use Breathable Containers (like Onggi) When you ferment in a breathable, porous clay jar, such as a traditional onggi, you’re not sealing off oxygen completely; instead, the jar allows for slow gas exchange and some airflow. As we explained earlier, this helps keep a balance favourable to harmless fermentation microbes (like lactobacilli) and prevents the buildup of harmful anaerobic bacteria. In contrast, if you store fermented ( or “aging”) foods in airtight, non-breathable containers (e.g. plastic bags, sealed glass jars, or sealed plastic buckets) at the wrong temperature, you may create strict anaerobic conditions. This may, in turn, encourage C. botulinum spores (if present) to germinate and produce toxin. That’s especially risky for low-acid, low-salt foods like meats or fish (often the case in traditional fermentations of animal products). Since many types of kimchi contain raw seafood, it’s important to be aware. So now you might be asking, “Then why are we all putting our kimchi into kimchi-tong?” Good question. Yes, many people do use plastic kimchi boxes/containers to store kimchi today. But whether they are “ideal” depends a bit on how you use them. It all comes down to being aware of food science. Here’s how plastic boxes stack up vs. traditional breathable containers. We want to talk about what works and what to watch out for. Breathable (숨쉬는 김치통) vs Regular Plastic (김치통) Modern kimchi storage usually falls into two categories: Both are used widely in Korea today, but the purpose and outcome are not the same. The choice depends on whether you plan to ferment kimchi actively or mainly store it in a refrigerator of some kind. Breathable Kimchi-tong (숨쉬는 김치통) This type of container is made to mimic some characteristics of traditional 옹기 Onggi. The ventilated style container lids let gases escape naturally during fermentation instead of trapping them inside. Best for: Why people like it:✔ Reduces pressure build-up✔ Prevents overflow during burping✔ Creates a stable fermentation environment✔ Flavor develops more slowly and evenly✔ Closer to traditional fermentation culture Downsides:✘ Slight odor leakage (because it breathes)✘ More expensive than basic plastic boxes✘ Not ideal for transportation or long-term freezer storage Standard Airtight Plastic Kimchi-tong (일반 김치통) These are the common containers used in modern Korean homes, especially those with kimchi fridges (김치냉장고). They are great for storage but not ideal for active fermentation. Best for: Why people use it:✔ Affordable & easy to find✔ Keeps strong smells contained✔ Fits neatly inside kimchi fridges✔ Convenient for everyday eating Limitations:✘ Gas builds quickly → lid bulging or leakage if not refrigerated✘ Faster souring due to trapped CO₂✘ Poor choice for long-term room-temp aging✘ Not supportive of natural fermentation balance Important Point: This type of container needs to live in the fridge when it’s sealed and not left out for long periods of time. What You Lose Compared to Traditional Breathable Jars Plastic containers do not mimic the natural “breathability” of traditional clay jars (Onggi, 항아리). This difference can affect fermentation. So think about this especially if you intend to ferment kimchi naturally over longer periods rather than simply store it. Main drawbacks: In short, plastic containers trade off tradition and an optimal fermentation environment for convenience and speed. What to Choose? Now that we’ve broken down your choice, the following table organizes the information to help you make your choice: Situation Best Option Fresh kimchi for eating soon Regular Kimchi-tong 일반 김치통 Slow fermentation for deep flavor Breathable Kimchi-Tong 숨쉬는 김치통 Mainly refrigerated storage Plastic-tong 플라스틱 김치통 Want traditional taste & airflow Breathable or Earthen Tong 숨쉬는 김치통 → or 소형 옹기 Special Considerations in Apartments Because you may be living in an apartment or have limited space, using plastic or BPA-free plastic kimchi boxes is a practical, acceptable choice. Especially for weekly consumption, for kimchi or first-time fermenters, it’s often easier and cleaner. However, if you want to explore traditional Korean fermentation fully, consider using breathable Kimchi-tong or smaller Onggi (earthenware clay jars). They may require more effort (cleaning, maintenance, space), but you’ll get a richer fermentation and a more traditional taste. Read More About Kimchi Making South of Seoul has compiled many blog posts over the years addressing kimchi making in South Korea.

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There are many mascots that represent the characteristics of cities in Korea. Mascots often show what is most famous in that city — popular foods, local nature, cultural features, or unique history. These characters help cities promote identity, citizenship, and tourism. In this article, I’ll introduce five well-known city mascots in Korea and share what makes each one special. Joa Yong (조아용) — Yongin City Mascot Joa Yong is the city mascot of Yongin, and its name feels like a cute wordplay. “Joa” (조아) sounds like “좋아,” which means “to like” in Korean, and when you add “yong” (용), it becomes “joayong,” which feels like the playful expression “I like you!” (좋아용). The ending “–용” also sounds similar to the aegyo-style ending often used in casual speech. However, the real origin of the name is a little different. The joa comes from the SNS “Like” button (좋아요), and yong actually means “dragon” while also representing Yongin City’s name. According to Yongin Special City Hall, Joa Yong is a dragon with sharp teeth, long mustaches, and strong horns. He enjoys playing around at famous Yongin attractions such as Everland, the Korean Folk Village, and other well-known places in the city. Haechi (해치) — Seoul City Mascot Haechi (해치) is the city mascot of Seoul. It is a mythical animal in Korean culture often compared to a lion-like beast. In history, Haechi statues were usually carved with strong, serious expressions to act as guardians of palaces and important gates. However, designers created the modern mascot to look friendlier and more welcoming, so today’s Haechi shows a round face, bright and clear eyes, a big nose, and a cheerful expression with cute teeth. Haechi carries a magical bell that “eats” people’s sadness and anxiety and return them as happiness. Its fur is pink and mint because traditional Korean clothing, Hanbok, often uses red and blue spectrum colors. Overall, Haechi represents protection, good fortune, and the spirit of Korea’s capital city. Deongdaeri (덩대리) — Incheon City Mascot Deongdaeri is the city mascot of Incheon. Its character is designed as a lighthouse because Incheon has a long history as one of Korea’s most important port cities, where real lighthouses guided ships safely into the harbor. Deongdaeri lights up the city and helps guide people safely, just like those lighthouses do. Deongdaeri likes playing the guitar and dreams of becoming a lighthouse that represents Incheon, just like his grandfather, the Palmido Lighthouse. He expresses his feelings openly, which is shown on his chest, because he has such a pure heart that he cannot hide how he feels. Boogi (부기) — Busan City Mascot Boogi is the city mascot of Busan. Because Busan is famous for its coastline, Boogi is designed as a seagull. He has bright eyes, wave-shaped hair from the sea wind, and a mouth that only tells the truth. Boogi also has smart glasses that give him the newest information, wings that never stop moving, and custom shoes. He is an early adopter and gets curious easily. He keeps his red smart glasses on his head so that he can quickly use them whenever something interests him. Dodalssu (도달쑤) — Daegu City Mascot Dodalssu is the city mascot of Daegu. It is an otter character that lives in a creek in the city, representing the clean water and natural spaces that Daegu wants to protect. Dodalssu enjoys spending time with many different people and is always full of excitement and humor. Daegu created this mascot to show that the city values clean water, eco-friendly living, and a healthy environment. The name Dodalssu also reflects this idea. • do (도) comes from dosi, the Korean word for “city.”• dalssu (달쑤) comes from Dalgubeol sudal, which means “Dalgubeol otter,” a symbol connected to the region’s history. designed to look friendly, playful, and welcoming, the mascot connects residents and visitors with Daegu’s environmental message. Final Thoughts I only introduced five mascots of Korean cities, but there are many more all over the country. Unfortunately, many cities do not use their mascots often, so some mascots never become very well known. I hope cities will use their mascots more actively to promote themselves, attract foreigners to visit, and help people feel more comfortable in Korea through cute and friendly characters. About the “Shared Voices” Initiative South of Seoul volunteers collaborate with Korean public schools to provide students meaningful opportunities to expand their English communication experience while sharing their world views with the international community in Korea. Through guided projects, students in Korean classrooms use digital and creative tools to express themselves in English, building confidence in their communication skills. At the same time, they learn to approach writing with empathy. They participate in guided discussions that consider different perspectives, practicing cultural awareness, and developing a deeper understanding of how their words can connect communities across borders. It’s important to know that schools in South Korea are becoming increasingly diverse, this includes the students who participate in South of Seoul programs like “Shared Voices.”

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Basketball is one of the my favorite sports in South Korea, and the Korea Basketball League (KBL) is known for its fast-paced games, passionate fans, and intense rivalries. In this blog post, I would like to introduce to you one of my favorite teams: the Busan KCC Egis. The Busan KCC Egis stand out as one of the most successful and popular basketball teams in Korea. A Championship Tradition The Busan KCC Egis were founded in 1997 and are owned by KCC. The team is based in Busan, a major port city known for its energy, beaches, and sports culture. Over the years, the Egis have earned a strong reputation in the KBL. They have claimed multiple league championships and remain consistent playoff contenders. Their style of play often attracts attention — balanced offense, reliable defense, and a long-standing team culture that values teamwork and determination. Meet the Players The Egis have featured many memorable players throughout their history. Two well-known names include: Heo Woong (허웅) A popular shooting guard known for accurate three-point shots, quick movement, and steady decision-making. His skill and confident playing style have earned him a large fanbase. Song Kyo-chang (송교창) A versatile forward recognized for athletic defense, fast transitions, and powerful drives to the basket. His energy and consistency often play an important role in team performance. Many past and current Egis players have also represented the South Korea national basketball team, reflecting the team’s high level of talent. Fan Culture and the Stadium Experience Watching a Busan KCC Egis game at Sajik Arena (사직실내체육관) is an experience many fans describe as exciting and memorable. The atmosphere can feel energetic, with cheers echoing through the stadium and team colors filling the stands. At a typical game, you may experience: • Cheerleaders leading coordinated chants or dances• Fans waving clappers and calling out player names• Halftime performances and small giveaways• Snacks, drinks, and casual Korean street-food options For many visitors, the game feels like a mix of sports competition and live entertainment. Why International Residents Enjoy KCC Games A Busan KCC Egis game can be a comfortable entry point into Korean sports culture. The Sajik Gymnasium area is accessible by public transportation, and the game schedule often works well for evenings or weekends. Attending a game may allow you to: Even if you are new to the KBL, the combination of energy, music, and cheering often makes the experience enjoyable. Plan Your Visit If you are thinking about attending a Busan KCC Egis game, the following steps may help you plan a smooth and enjoyable visit from start to finish. How to Get There Sajik Indoor Gymnasium (사직실내체육관) is located in Busan’s Dongnae District. You can copy and paste the Korean name or address into Naver Maps to navigate there by car (parking may be limited during peak games).Korean address: 부산광역시 동래구 사직로 55 However, many visitors use public transportation:• Subway: Line 3 → Sajik Station (사직역), Exit 2. The gymnasium is about a 10–15 minute walk.• Bus: Several local buses stop near the stadium; searching “사직실내체육관” on Naver Map or Kakao Map can help you find the best route from your location. Buying Tickets Ticket prices generally range from ₩12,000–₩70,000, depending on seating and demand. Tickets are usually available in two ways: At the Stadium: Same-day tickets are often available at ticket counters, though popular matchups may sell out earlier. Before the Game Arriving a little early may give you time to: Many visitors enjoy taking photos around the entrance since fans often gather wearing team colors. During the Game Inside the stadium, you can expect: For newcomers, watching how fans cheer and follow the rhythms can make the experience more engaging. After the Game Once the game ends, you may: For many fans, the post-game energy is part of the fun. Final Thoughts The Busan KCC Egis have built a strong reputation through their history, talented players, and loyal fanbase. Watching a game offers a chance to experience a lively part of Korean sports culture and enjoy high-level basketball in one of Korea’s most dynamic cities. Whether you are a long-time basketball fan or just exploring local activities, a KCC Egis game may be an unforgettable part of your time in Busan. About the “Shared Voices” Initiative South of Seoul volunteers collaborate with Korean public schools to provide students meaningful opportunities to expand their English communication experience while sharing their world views with the international community in Korea. Through guided projects, students in Korean classrooms use digital and creative tools to express themselves in English, building confidence in their communication skills. At the same time, they learn to approach writing with empathy. They participate in guided discussions that consider different perspectives, practicing cultural awareness, and developing a deeper understanding of how their words can connect communities across borders. It’s important to know that schools in South Korea are becoming increasingly diverse, this includes the students who participate in South of Seoul programs like “Shared Voices.”

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When winter settles over Korea, the atmosphere shifts in a noticeable and beautiful way. Streets glow with holiday lights, the air turns crisp, and both mountains and city centers take on a new kind of winter energy. For international residents living here, the winter season in Korea offers more than cold weather. It opens the door to activities, food, and cultural moments that might create lasting memories during your stay. And so, I would like to recommend some winter activities for you and your families. Mountains of Joy: Skiing and Snowboarding If you are interested in experiencing Korea’s winter sports culture, the mountains offer several well-known ski and snowboard resorts. Below are two popular destinations that many residents find enjoyable for both day trips and weekend outings. Yongpyong Resort (용평리조트) Address: 강원도 평창군 대관령면 올림픽로 715Yongpyong Resort remains one of Korea’s most popular winter destinations, with long slopes, reliable snow, and mountain views. Its 2018 Winter Olympics history adds to its appeal, offering many levels of ski and snowboard runs for both beginners and experienced riders. Vivaldi Park Ski World (비발디파크 스키월드) Address: 강원도 홍천군 서면 한치골길 262Vivaldi Park is great for families, groups, and casual visitors. With ski slopes, night skiing, rentals, and easy access via shuttle from Seoul, it’s a convenient and fun option if you want a less intense but still enjoyable winter outing. City Ice Rinks and Cozy Winter Vibes If you prefer staying closer to the city, several winter skating rinks offer an easy and enjoyable way to experience the season. The options below may work well for short outings or casual winter activities. I am an ice skater so this is where I spend a lot of my time in the winter. Seoul Plaza Ice Rink (서울광장 아이스링크) Address: 서울특별시 중구 세종대로 110 (광화문 / Seoul Plaza)   In downtown Seoul, the seasonal rink at Seoul Plaza becomes a festive winter hub. Skating under warm lights, with music and holiday atmosphere, makes for a relaxed, fun way to experience winter without traveling far. Lotte World Ice Rink (롯데월드 아이스링크) Address: 서울특별시 송파구 올림픽로 240 (잠실동, 롯데월드 어드벤처)  Located within the indoor theme-park complex of Lotte World, this ice rink is a comfortable option when you want to avoid cold weather or travel time. It’s easy to reach by public transport and great for casual skating, especially on weekends or rainy days. Snow Play and Simple Joy For those interested in winter activities that do not require skiing or skating skills, Korea also offers more relaxed, fun options suitable for various ages. One of the most popular is snow tubing. Everland Snow Buster (에버랜드 스노우버스터) Address: 경기도 용인시 처인구 포곡읍 에버랜드로 199Snow Buster at Everland Resort allows visitors to enjoy snow tubing down smooth lanes. It tends to be a good choice for families or groups looking for lighthearted winter fun. Quiet Trails and Winter Nature If you are hoping for a slower, peaceful winter experience, Korea’s snowy trails and highland paths offer a chance to enjoy calm scenery and fresh mountain air. One well-known winter area is Daegwallyeong. Daegwallyeong (대관령) Snowy Walks & Nature Trails Address: 강원특별자치도 평창군 대관령면 대관령로 83 Daegwallyeong’s snow-covered hills and quiet forest paths may appeal to those who enjoy walking, photography, or simply stepping away from busy routines. Before You Go Before heading out for a winter activity in Korea, it may help to keep a few practical points in mind: Conclusion Winter in Korea brings a variety of experiences, from sparkling city nights and lively ski slopes to quiet snowy forests and shared laughter on the ice. For international residents, it’s a chance to explore and enjoy Korea from a local’s perspective. Whether you go skiing, skating, tubing, or just enjoy a peaceful walk through snowy scenery — it’s a season that can surprise you with warmth, joy, and memories worth keeping. About the “Shared Voices” Initiative South of Seoul volunteers collaborate with Korean public schools to provide students meaningful opportunities to expand their English communication experience while sharing their world views with the international community in Korea. Through guided projects, students in Korean classrooms use digital and creative tools to express themselves in English, building confidence in their communication skills. At the same time, they learn to approach writing with empathy. They participate in guided discussions that consider different perspectives, practicing cultural awareness, and developing a deeper understanding of how their words can connect communities across borders. It’s important to know that schools in South Korea are becoming increasingly diverse, this includes the students who participate in South of Seoul programs like “Shared Voices.”

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When winter arrives in Korea, there is one feature of many Korean homes that you may quickly become aware of: the ondol, Korea’s traditional floor-heating system. Whether you have experienced it before or you are learning about it here for the first time, the ondol often feels noticeably different from the heating systems used in many other countries. As someone interested in how things work, I wanted to understand what may make the ondol unique—both culturally and mechanically. What I learned encouraged me to explore the system beneath the floor, how it appears to have been designed in the past, and how modern engineering seems to continue the tradition today. What Is a Traditional Ondol A traditional ondol is generally understood as a Korean floor-heating system that warms a room from below rather than heating the air. For many centuries, Korean families tended to live, eat, and sleep on the floor, so a warm floor likely played an important role in everyday life. Even today, a large number of Korean homes—including many modern apartments—use some form of ondol-style heating. Whether you have used heated floors before or not, the ondol is often considered one of the most recognizable features of Korean residential architecture. Cultural Meaning of the Ondol Historically, the ondol appears to have served as a central part of Korean domestic life. Families often gathered on the floor to share meals, talk, rest, and sleep. Because so much daily activity took place on the floor, the ondol may have influenced home design, family routines, and even cultural habits. For example, the widely practiced custom of removing shoes indoors is sometimes connected to the desire to keep the heated floor clean and comfortable. While not the only reason for the tradition, ondol-style living likely contributed to its importance. How the Traditional Ondol Works The diagram above provides a general idea of what might be found beneath a traditional Korean room. Heat typically begins at the agung-i, a small wood-burning furnace often located in the kitchen area. As the fire burns, hot air and smoke travel horizontally through stone channels under the floor—referred to as goodlejang and guemdol—warming thick stones that tend to retain and release heat slowly. The cooled air exits through a chimney, and structures such as the wind protector and gaejari appear to help regulate airflow. The result is a type of radiant warmth that rises from the floor and may heat the room steadily without blowing air. The Evolution of Ondol Technology Although the traditional ondol relied on wood fires and stone channels, the overall concept of heating a home from the floor upward has continued into modern housing. As building materials and energy systems changed, ondol technology appears to have adapted as well. The shift from wood-burning furnaces to water-based or electric systems allowed ondol-style heating to become cleaner, more efficient, and easier to control. Many modern systems also make it possible to adjust temperatures room by room, reflecting the traditional practice of heating only lived-in spaces. Ondol in the Modern Era One company often associated with the modernization of ondol-style heating is Navien, a Korean manufacturer of boilers and heating systems. Navien’s technologies may help carry traditional concepts forward using contemporary engineering solutions. High-efficiency condensing boilers These systems aim to reduce gas consumption by reusing heat from exhaust gases, allowing homes to stay warm while potentially lowering energy use and emissions. Smart temperature-control systems Digital thermostats and zoning features give users more control over the heating of each room, which may mirror traditional ondol practices while increasing convenience. Global interest in ondol-style heating Navien exports radiant floor-heating systems to various countries, including the United States and parts of Europe. Some individuals who encounter ondol in Korea choose to install similar systems abroad, suggesting growing international interest in this type of heating. Safety-focused engineering Modern boilers often include automatic shutdown functions, monitoring features, and optimized water-flow systems. These updates may address risks once associated with wood-burning ondol furnaces. Through these advancements, companies like Navien appear to support the ongoing evolution of ondol-style heating while maintaining its core idea. A Living Tradition Today, many Korean apartments and houses use some form of radiant floor heating. Although the materials and fuel sources may have changed significantly from the past, the comfort and cultural meaning associated with a warm floor continue to be part of Korean living spaces. The ondol seems to represent both an old tradition and a continuing engineering practice—showing how historical ideas can adapt and remain meaningful in modern life. About the “Shared Voices” Initiative South of Seoul volunteers collaborate with Korean public schools to provide students meaningful opportunities to expand their English communication experience while sharing their world views with the international community in Korea. Through guided projects, students in Korean classrooms use digital and creative tools to express themselves in English, building confidence in their communication skills. At the same time, they learn to approach writing with empathy. They participate in guided discussions that consider different perspectives, practicing cultural awareness, and developing a deeper understanding of how their words can connect communities across borders. It’s important to know that schools in South Korea are becoming increasingly diverse, this includes the students who participate in South of Seoul programs like “Shared Voices.”

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If you visit Korea, there are three special places you should not miss. Insadong is a street full of traditional culture, tea houses, and art galleries where you can experience the charm of old Korea. Jeonju Hanok Village is famous for its traditional Korean houses and delicious bibimbap, making it the perfect place to enjoy both culture and food. Finally, Nami Island is a peaceful destination known for its beautiful scenery and relaxing nature paths. Together, these places show Korea’s deep history, unique food traditions, and creative spirit. Insadong: The Heart of Traditional Korean Culture Insadong is one of the best places in Seoul to experience traditional Korean culture. The main street is lined with antique shops, art galleries, tea houses, and street food vendors. Walking through the small alleys gives visitors the feeling of discovering hidden treasures and one-of-a-kind souvenirs. Places to Visit in Insadong • Ssamziegil (쌈지길) A popular shopping complex filled with handicrafts, handmade goods, and creative shops. Visitors can follow the spiral walkway to the rooftop for a nice view of Insadong’s streets. • Shin Old Tea House (신옛찻집) A traditional hanok tea house known for serving Korean teas such as omija tea, jujube tea, and other comforting drinks. • Jogyesa Temple (조계사) A famous Buddhist temple located near Insadong. It offers a calm and peaceful atmosphere and is a great place to learn about Korea’s spiritual traditions. Jeonju Hanok Village: History, Food, and Hanbok Culture Jeonju Hanok Village is one of the most famous cultural sites in Korea. It is known for its beautiful traditional houses, delicious food, and meaningful historical attractions. Visitors can enjoy exploring the village while trying unique activities and local dishes. Recommended Places to Visit in Jeonju Hanok Village • Gyeonggijeon Shrine (경기전) A historic shrine that contains the portrait of King Taejo, the founder of the Joseon Dynasty. It is surrounded by beautiful walking paths and traditional architecture. • Jeonju Bibimbap Street A must-visit spot for tasting Jeonju’s world-famous bibimbap. Each restaurant offers slightly different toppings and flavors. • Hanboknam Hanbok Rental Shop (한복남) One of the most popular hanbok rental shops in the village. It offers many styles and high-quality rentals for visitors who want to walk the streets in traditional clothing. Nami Island: A Nature Escape Filled with Art and Scenery Nami Island is a well-loved tourist destination known for its picturesque walking paths and peaceful atmosphere. Couples, families, and friends enjoy visiting the island to relax in nature and admire the seasonal landscapes. Places to Visit on Nami Island • Metasequoia Lane A beautiful tree-lined pathway surrounded by tall metasequoia trees. It is one of the most famous photo spots in Korea. • Song Museum & Local Art Galleries Nami Island is home to small museums and art exhibits that showcase creative works and cultural displays, adding an artistic touch to the natural scenery. Conclusion Korea offers a unique blend of history, culture, food, and natural beauty. From the traditional streets of Insadong, to the charming hanok houses of Jeonju Hanok Village, and the peaceful scenery of Nami Island, visitors can experience a variety of attractions in just one trip. These destinations highlight the charm of Korea and provide unforgettable memories for everyone. About the “Shared Voices” Initiative South of Seoul volunteers collaborate with Korean public schools to provide students meaningful opportunities to expand their English communication experience while sharing their world views with the international community in Korea. Through guided projects, students in Korean classrooms use digital and creative tools to express themselves in English, building confidence in their communication skills. At the same time, they learn to approach writing with empathy. They participate in guided discussions that consider different perspectives, practicing cultural awareness, and developing a deeper understanding of how their words can connect communities across borders. It’s important to know that schools in South Korea are becoming increasingly diverse, this includes the students who participate in South of Seoul programs like “Shared Voices.”

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Living in Korea for several years has given me the chance to notice many small but meaningful parts of daily life. In the beginning, everything felt unfamiliar, but over time these tiny habits became the things I looked forward to observing. They’re not major traditions or historical customs—just everyday behaviors that show how people in Korea adapt to the weather, commute, fashion trends, and student life. For foreigners living in Korea, these details can feel surprising at first, but eventually they start to make perfect sense. Mini Fans and Warm Packs: Korea’s Seasonal Survival Tools One of the first things I noticed is how Koreans are always prepared for the weather—almost like the whole country switches “equipment” depending on the season. Summer Everywhere you go in Korea—buses, cafés, subway stations—you’ll see people holding small portable fans.Students use them walking to school, adults use them at lunch, and commuters use them while waiting for the bus. Korean summers are humid and hot, so these fans aren’t just cute accessories—they’re essential. Winter When winter arrives, the fans disappear. Suddenly everyone has hot packs (핫팩) tucked into their pockets or hands. Some people even place them inside their coat sleeves. For foreigners struggling with Korea’s freezing winters, this habit is a very helpful one to copy. Hot packs are cheap and easy to find at convenience stores, Daiso, and pharmacies. This seasonal “gear swap” shows how Koreans prepare for weather in a practical, coordinated way. Fuzzy Jackets: Unofficial Winter Uniform in Korea From late autumn to early spring, fuzzy jackets dominate the streets of Korea. Students wear them to school, couples wear matching ones, and even older people wear their own comfortable versions. On cold mornings, it looks like a fluffy parade of beige, cream, and soft pastel colors walking down the sidewalk. For foreigners, this is a cozy reminder that Korean winter fashion usually mixes comfort, warmth, and a bit of cuteness. If you move to Korea, you might find yourself getting one too—they’re warm, soft, and surprisingly affordable. Socks With Slippers: The Indoor–Outdoor Style Mix in Korea Another daily habit in Korea that stood out to me is wearing socks with slippers. At first, this combination felt unusual, but over time I understood why people do it: Even though I could never wear socks with slippers on hot days, once you get used to it, it doesn’t look strange anymore—it simply feels Korean. Crocs Everywhere, All Year Round Crocs aren’t just a fashion trend in Korea—they’re a lifestyle. I see Crocs on: They’re easy, comfortable, and practical for Korea’s take-off-your-shoes culture. Whether you love them or hate them, it’s almost impossible to live in Korea without noticing them everywhere. Did You Know? A Pyeongtaek Surprise If you’re living in Pyeongtaek, here’s a fun fact: 📍 Right near Jinwee High School, you can visit a historic Confucian school. The Jinwi Local Confucian School (Gyeonggi-do Cultural Property Material No. 40) was founded in the early Joseon period. It includes the Daeseongjeon Shrine, where memorial rites were once held for Confucius and other great scholars. The building showcases beautiful 18th-century Korean architecture and is located at the foot of Mubongsan Mountain, offering peaceful walking paths and great views. It’s a quiet, meaningful place to explore if you want to see how traditional Korean values and education shaped daily life—both then and now. Conclusion: Small Habits That Show the Rhythm of Daily Life in Korea Fans in summer, hot packs in winter, fuzzy jackets, socks with slippers, and Crocs as everyday footwear—these may seem like tiny things. But together, they paint a real picture of what daily life in Korea looks like from the inside. If you’re a foreigner living in Korea, these details become part of the local rhythm you eventually recognize, appreciate, and sometimes even adopt yourself. About the “Shared Voices” Initiative South of Seoul volunteers collaborate with Korean public schools to provide students meaningful opportunities to expand their English communication experience while sharing their world views with the international community in Korea. Through guided projects, students in Korean classrooms use digital and creative tools to express themselves in English, building confidence in their communication skills. At the same time, they learn to approach writing with empathy. They participate in guided discussions that consider different perspectives, practicing cultural awareness, and developing a deeper understanding of how their words can connect communities across borders. It’s important to know that schools in South Korea are becoming increasingly diverse, this includes the students who participate in South of Seoul programs like “Shared Voices.”

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For years, the United States has defined global AI leadership with tools like OpenAI’s GPT series, Google’s Bard/Gemini, and Tesla’s autonomous driving systems. Supported by NVIDIA, Intel, and AMD, the U.S. holds a structural advantage that few countries can match. However, the K-AI sector is rapidly growing and positioning itself as a strong contender in this field. But today, South Korea is becoming a major force in AI in its own way—through localization, efficiency, and real-world usefulness. And surprisingly, many of these changes directly affect foreign residents living in Korea, from banking to translation to transportation. Why K-AI Matters for Daily Life in Korea Unlike some places that may develop AI mainly for research or hype, Korea focuses on practical tools that people actually use every day. This means AI here doesn’t stay in the lab—it shows up in apps and services that foreigners interact with constantly. You may have already used Korean AI (K-AI) without realizing it. Korean AI Models Help You Live Everyday Life More Easily Korea’s AI boom is built on specialized language models designed to understand Korean context and Korean-style communication—something Western AI systems still struggle with. HyperCLOVA (Naver) For foreigners, this may mean:✔ better translations on menus and signs✔ more reliable directions✔ stronger support when navigating Korean websites KoGPT (Kakao) This matters because Kakao services are essential for everyday life, especially for foreigners who depend on KakaoTaxi, KakaoPay, KakaoBank, and KakaoTalk. Upstage Solar Pro 2 This model is smaller than GPT-4 but impressively efficient. More importantly, it powers tools like: For foreigners dealing with apartment contracts, hospital paperwork, or government forms, this is a quiet but meaningful improvement. Korea’s Semiconductor Power Shapes the Technology Foreigners Use Korea’s semiconductor industry—especially SK hynix’s HBM memory—is essential to NVIDIA GPUs used worldwide. This doesn’t just boost the economy; it directly affects the apps and services you use in Korea. Because Korean companies supply global AI hardware: Foreigners benefit from this without even noticing. K-AI inside Korean Smart Cities: How It Affects Daily Life Korea invests heavily in AI-powered infrastructure, and foreigners living in Korea feel this in areas like: Public Transportation Healthcare Public Safety and City Services These are not future concepts—they’re already active in many Korean cities, including Seoul, Suwon, and parts of Gyeonggi-do. Korea’s AI Sector Also Matters for Foreign Workers, Students, and Entrepreneurs If you are: …then understanding Korea’s AI growth can help you navigate job trends. Because Korea is: Foreigners with skills in: Even if you’re not in tech, you’ll still see stronger AI translations, smoother services, and more English-accessible tools over the next few years. Korea and the U.S.: A Complementary AI Partnership This part of the story remains the same: But for foreigners, the important part is this: When the U.S. and Korea collaborate on AI, you could have better tools in your daily life in Korea. Papago improves.Naver Maps improves.Kakao improves.Smart city services improve.Translations improve.Government apps improve. This collaboration shapes the technology foreigners depend on every day. Conclusion: Why “K-AI” Should Matter to You South Korea is becoming a powerful and practical AI innovator—not to replace the U.S., but to complement it. And because Korean AI is built with localization and everyday usefulness in mind, foreigners living in Korea feel the impact faster and more directly than people in many other countries. The rise of K-AI means: Korea’s AI boom isn’t just a national strategy—it’s something shaping daily life for anyone living here. About the “Shared Voices” Initiative South of Seoul volunteers collaborate with Korean public schools to provide students meaningful opportunities to expand their English communication experience while sharing their world views with the international community in Korea. Through guided projects, students in Korean classrooms use digital and creative tools to express themselves in English, building confidence in their communication skills. At the same time, they learn to approach writing with empathy. They participate in guided discussions that consider different perspectives, practicing cultural awareness, and developing a deeper understanding of how their words can connect communities across borders. It’s important to know that schools in South Korea are becoming increasingly diverse, this includes the students who participate in South of Seoul programs like “Shared Voices.”

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